3 句子改写题

3、句子改写题

一、提问方式

Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

考点：分析句子能力 + 指代在句子中的还原

二、做题步骤

1、看文章原句，确定逻辑关系和主干表意；

2、看选项句子，对比逻辑关系与原句是否一致；

3、逻辑关系不一致的直接排除；

4、逻辑关系一致的看表意一致性

正确选项特征：

1、选项与文章主干逻辑关系一致

2、选项是文章表达的同意转换

错误选项原因：

1、逻辑错误——反了、乱了

2、表意错误——改了、丢了

反了：即逻辑方式一样，但是方向错误。如原文：A results from B;选项A leads to B. 乱了：即逻辑方式都不一样。如原文是让步，而选项是顺承。

改了：逻辑正确，但是改变了句子内容，如原文是A results from B;选项是C leads to A. 丢了：逻辑正确，但是丢失了重要信息，如原文是A results from B,选项是Result A is very important

三、题目规律

1． 逻辑关系一致

and：并列，顺接，因果

while：时间状语，比较，并列

注：

转折和对比关系可以互换

在句子中间或者两端以及标点附近寻找逻辑词。

分清句子内部的大小逻辑关系

P133-3 but

题目：3. Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 2?

原句：These variations are close enough for the subgroup to remain under the society umbrella but different enough to reflect the unique experience of subgroup members.转折关系

A The different experiences of subgroups cause their members to seek protection in the values and customs of their own group.因果——乱了

B Every society is like a large umbrella that covers people from a wide variety of backgrounds and cultures, protecting everyone equally.顺承——反了

C A subculture’s values show its separateness yet resemble the majority’s values enough to

keep the subgroup within the larger society.转折

D Each group member has experiences that differ from those of all other members and are completely outside those of the mainstream.顺承——反了

P131-8 however

题目：8. Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 2?

原句：As a threatened species, it is still protected from excessive harvesting by hunters; however, limited hunting is allowed in some areas to keep the population from growing too large.转折关系

A Alligators are still protected, but hunters are allowed to kill a certain number to control their population in some places. 转折关系

B In order to prevent alligators from growing too large, hunters can harvest adult alligators that exceed a specified size. 因果——乱了

C Hunting is restricted to areas where alligators are no longer a threatened species and therefore do not need protection.顺承——反了

D Alligators are more threatened than every by excessive hunting, and hunters should not be allowed to destroy all of them.顺承——反了

P481-22 than

题目：22. Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 4? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

原句：Spring and neap tides at any given location have a range of about 20 percent more or less, respectively, than the average high tide. 两者分别与average high tide相比

活跃期潮汐和最小潮汐

A Spring tides are 20 percent more, and neap tides 20 percent less, than average high tide in a particular place.

B There has been a 20 percent change in the number of spring tides and neap tides that occur at certain locations. 比较对象错误——乱了

C If the location of a spring tide is known, then a neap tide in the same location will be 20 percent less. 比较对象错误——乱了

D 20 percent of both spring tides and neap tides always occur in the same location. 两者分别改成了两者都——乱了

P537-18 and=while

题目：18. Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 3? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

原句：We might say that clothing has to do with covering the body, and costume concerns the choice of particular form of garment for a particular purpose. and可表示各自不同

A Clothing serves a physical purpose, while costume has a personal, social, or psychological

function. while比较

B We like clothing to fit our body well, but different costumes fit differently depending on the purpose. 转折

C Both clothing and costume are types of attire, but it is often difficult to distinguish between them. 转折

D People spend more time in choosing special costumes than they do in selecting everyday clothing. 比较

2． 叙述主体一致

识别句子主干及修饰，理清逻辑关系是关键；先主干、后修饰

主宾表，注：修饰成分不能成为主要内容，慎重对待文中没有，但选项里面出现的词语 P453-16

题目：16. Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 2? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

原句：Laboratory studies have demonstrated that (in clean air—air free of dust and other particles—A Scientists have been able to stimulate the formation of clouds in the laboratory with a success rate of 100 percent.

B If the air contains no dust particles, water vapor will condense and create extremely humid weather condition.

C Research shows that the formation of clouds in clean air depends on a relative humidity of over 100 percent.

D A relative humidity of more than 100 percent can occur only when the air is clean and dust-free.

P477-4

需要借助所在段首句帮助核实答案

题目：Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 3? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

原句：Because the Underground Railroad was so secret, few records exist that would reveal A The Underground Railroad kept secret records in which all of the passengers and trips were documented.

B Few people understood why the Underground Railroad would not reveal how many people chose to travel in this way.

C The Underground Railroad’s records were not accurate, so the true number of travelers is difficult to estimate.

D We do not know exactly how many slaves escaped on the Underground Railroad because it was a secret organization.

3． 指代内容一致

P129-4

题目：Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?

原句：They provided evidence of the everyday life of the people that was far richer than that in most other historical texts.

原句中的主语代词所指代的是上句中对应位置的名词，即folkways

A There is a lot of information in historical texts, but most of it does not deal with real life.

B Canada’s folkways give us a much better description of daily life than most histories do.

C The texts collected by Barbeau reveal that some rural Canadians were richer than others.

D The Canadian people provided a lot of materials that illustrate their traditional values.

4． 简单句

识别混淆或偷换的概念

P131-7

题目：Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 1?

原句：In fact, humans drove alligators to near extinction in many of their marsh and swamp habitats in North America.

A It is a fact that humans forced alligators to live in North America’s marshes and swamps.

B Many alligators were killed when people built roads and drove cars through their habitats.

C People almost destroyed the native alligator population in many North American environments.

D In North America, humans and alligators rarely choose to live together in the same area.

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