作业10 (3000字)
课时作业(十)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
Introduction
You are warmly invited to join SAVE THE FROGS! on a 10-day ecotour of Belize, 2014! The trip will be led by SAVE THE FROGS!
With nearly 600 species of birds in Belize, it is no wonder that birdwatching is such a common activity! Mammals are much rarer to see. In the field, we will hear the marvelous roar of the howler monkey, see lizards(蜥蜴) darting across our path, and we will see occasional animal tracks. When we go out into the forest at night, we may see the extremely cool frogs of Belize!
Here is our trip itinerary!
January 5, 2014 — Arrive in Belize.
January 6, 2014 — We will visit the ancient Maya city of Xunantunieh. After d inner, we have a guided private night tour of the Belize Zoo.
January 7, 2014 — After breakfast, we go to the Trees Ecolodge in the Maya Mountains.
January 8, 2014 — Guided hikes in the tropical forest. They range from a hike to explore a large cave system, to night excursions to see night-time dwellers of the forest.
January 9-10, 2014 — We are picked up by bus and taken to Blue Creek.
January 11, 2014 — We are near the Mopan Maya village and we will have various opportunities to interact with the village residents.
January 12- 14, 2014 — After breakfast, a bus takes us to the Mayan Ruins of Lubantuun. Numerous snorkeling opportunities exist here.
January 15, 2014 — At Dangriga, a bus picks us up and takes us to the airport. Cost
The trip fees are USD ＄2,350 for current SAVE THE FROGS members, and ＄2,475 for the general public. A ＄500 non-refundable deposit is required to secure your spot on the trip.
All proceeds support SAVE THE FROGS! worldwide amphibian(两栖动物) conservation efforts, enabling us to protect amphibians and promote a society that respects wildlife and nature.
Cancellations and Refunds
You must notify us directly if you need to cancel your trip.
— If you cancel after December 18th, you forfeit(失去)your entire trip fee. — If you cancel between November 6th and December 18th, you will receive 50% of trip fee.
— If you cancel prior to November 6th, your entire trip fee will be refunded, minus your deposit, as deposits are non-refundable.
1. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that ________.
A. Belize is home to a wide diversity of wildlife
B. birdwatching in Belize is a rare activity
C. it is no surprise to meet a mammal in Belize
D. there are many animals’ tracks in the forest
2. On January 11, travelers will ________.
A. explore a large cave system
B. have a night tour of the Belize Zoo
C. have the chance to do snorkeling
D. communicate with the local villagers
3. The aim of the tour is to ________.
A. improve our sense of protecting wildlife and nature
B. learn about the worsening habitat conditions of wildlife
C. enjoy the beauty of nature and rich culture of Belize
D. save the endangered frogs from dying in Belize forests
答案与解析
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2014年的一次生态旅游活动的安排。
1. 答案 A
解析 第二段中提到了600多种鸟类，蜥蜴和吼猴、青蛙等等，虽然哺乳动物罕见但是其他野生动物物种丰富，故选A项。
2. 答案 D
解析 结合文中的January 11, 2014 — We ... we will have various opportunities to interact with the village residents. 可知选D项。
3. 答案 A
解析 根据文中的All proceeds support SAVE THE FROGS! worldwide amphibian conservation efforts, enabling us to protect amphibians and promote a society that respects wildlife and nature.可知，这项活动的目的是增强人们保护野生动物和大自然的意识，故选A项。
If you bought some candy months ago but never ate it, how can you tell whether it is still safe to eat? The easiest way is to check the“use-by date” printed on the wrapper. If that date has already passed, you’re likely to throw the candy away. But is that really necessary?
According to a new report from the US Natural Resources Defense Council(NRDC), tons of food is wasted each year, largely because people don’t fully understand what expiration dates, or “use-by dates”, actually mean.
Food dating was introduced in the 1970s because consumers wanted more information about the things that they were eating. When they first showed up, use-by dates were only supposed to indicate freshness because producers wanted their products to be tasted in their best conditions.
But the truth is that these dates aren’t related to the risk of food poisoning or food-born illness, according to Time News
use-by dates and related them to the safety of the food, and they still largely do now. Eggs, for example, can still be eaten three to five weeks after purchase even though the use-by date is much earlier.
When their use-by dates pass, strawberry-flavored drinks may lose their red color and biscuits may lose their crunch(嘎吱嘎吱的声音), but they are not harmful.
“It’s a confusing subject, the difference between food quality and food safety,” said Jena Roberts, vice president of National Food Lab, a US food testing company. “Even in the food industry I have colleagues who get confused.”
This is why scientists are calling for a standard explanation to be printed following the use-by dates. “We want this to be clearly communicated so consumers are not misunderstanding the date and contributing to a lot of waste,” said Dana Ganders, a staff scientist with the NRDC.
But this won’t be a mistake that is easy to correct since people have believed it for so long. Another problem is that the quality levels of different foods change differently — some are still safe to eat long after their use-by date while others are not.
As a result, food industry officials are now thinking of changing the use-by date to a date indicating when food is most likely to go bad.
4. The use-by date was first intended to ________.
A. tell the freshness of food
B. show the safety of food
C. give a warning of food poisoning
D. indicate the relation between food and illness
5. The underlined word “misinterpreted” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A. made guesses about
B. formed a wrong idea about
C. made wrong use of
D. took no notice of
6. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Most customers understand what use-by dates mean.
B. “Use-by dates” have existed for more than 50 years.
C. Biscuits can’t be eaten when not as crunchy as they were bought.
D. Even after their use-by dates pass, some foods are still safe to eat.
7. Scientists are calling for a standard explanation to be printed together with the use-by dates because________.
A. use-by dates are not helpful or reliable
B. more consumers get worried about food safety
C. most consumers often misunderstand use-by dates
D. the quality level of different foods changes differently
答案与解析
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。大多数人都认为保质期一到，食物就不能吃了。读过这篇文章后，你将发现事实并非如此。
4.答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的When they first showed up, use-by
dates were only supposed to indicate freshness可知，应选A项。
5．答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段的第一句和第六段的内容可知，此处指人们误以为这些日期和食品是否有毒或者是过期后食用是否会导致疾病有关。故选B项。
6．答案 D
解析 正误判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，很多食品尽管过了保质期，但是仍然能吃，故选D项。
7．答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第六段的内容和第七段的第二句可知，科学家解释保质期是因为很多人误解了它的含义。故选C项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Indu Ma’am didn’t look like a school principal at all. She looked more like someone’s fat ___1___ in fake jewellery and too bright clothes. But as a principal, she was strict with us and we were all afraid of her ___2___ lectures. To avoid being scolded, we behaved ___3___ before her.
On reaching 11th grade, Ms Indu Pillai became my ___4___ teacher. The first time she walked into class, we ___5___ ourselves for 45 minutes of boredom.___6___ we were all wrong. “How many of you have read today’s ___7___?” A few students raised their hands.
“You can learn a lot from your textbooks, but you’ll learn more if you start___8___the papers and to TV news,” she said. She went on to talk about politicians. “In one political debate I ___9___, politicians sat like this...” And with that, our strict principal ___10___ her feet on her table. The class ___11___ in giggles(咯咯地笑). To our ___12___, Indu Ma’am laughed with us.
Over the next two years, Indu Ma’am opened our ___13___ to the world. She asked us to read Anna Karenina and other European classics. We debated on the federal system(联邦制). Political debates also___14___to personal ones. A lot of our beliefs became the ___15___ of lively lunchtime debate.
___16___, she said, “How convenient wearing shorts to the beach is, and...” I did not hear the end of that line, because some of us were laughing so hard, we were ___17___ over. “What?” She demanded,“You people think I was never ___18___?” We laughed even louder.
After Indu Ma’am walked into class, she became a great teacher, ___19___ her chief administrator role at the door. Her personality as principal was strict, hard, and preachy. In class, she ___20___ into a storyteller who was funny, wise, inspiring, much like Socrates, the original teacher, who exercised minds and opened up intellects. The Indu Principle has taught me a lot — not to judge people by their appearance.
1. A. actor B. writer
C. professor D. aunt
2. A. boring B. satisfying
C. surprising D. disappointing
3. A. bitterly B. mentally
C. luckily D. perfectly
4. A. politics B. physics
C. chemistry D. Chinese
5. A. offered B. served
C. prepared D. mistook
6. A. And B. But
C. Or D. So
7. A. advertisements B. newspapers
C. instructions D. reports
8. A. paying attention to B. looking forward to
C. getting on with D. coming up with
9. A. inspected B. attempted
C. witnessed D. challenged
10. A. made B. held
C. put D. found
11. A. broke B. covered
C. erupted D. beat
12. A. sorrow B. fear
C. amazement D. amusement
13. A. memories B. minds
C. arms D. questions
14. A. sticked B. devoted
C. led D. objected
15. A. scholarships B. grades
C. degrees D. subjects
16. A. Once B. Again
C. Still D. Even
17. A. doubled B. recovered
C. packed D. faded
18. A. cool B. strong
C. hot D. thin
19. A. replacing B. leaving
C. receiving D. proving
20. A. looked B. transformed
C. moved D. threw
答案与解析
【解题导语】 本文主要比较了因杜校长作为校长和一名政治老师时的不同之处。作为校长时她是严格的，而作为一名老师时她是博学多才而且风趣幽默的。
1. 答案 D
解析 由设空所在句... fat ___1___ in fake jewellery and too bright clothes可知她的肥胖以及衣着，让人认为她是一位肥胖的阿姨。
解析 由设空所在句But as a principal, she was strict with us and we were all afraid of her ___2___ lectures以及下一段的boredom可推出，我们都害怕她令人厌烦的说教。
3. 答案 D
解析 由前面的To avoid being scolded ...可知我们在严格的校长面前应该是尽量表现得完美。
4. 答案 A
解析 由下文上课的内容She went on to talk about politicians以及We debated on the federal system. Political debates also ...可推出因杜校长应该是政治老师。
5. 答案 C
解析 由第一段But as a principal, she was strict with us and we were all afraid of her ___2___ lectures可知这位校长非常严厉，故此处应该是准备好了45分钟无聊的时间。
6. 答案 B
解析 由后面的内容以及wrong可知,此句与前面的句子为转折关系。
7. 答案 B
解析 由下一空后的the papers and to TV news可知，此处应该是因杜老师问有没有看今天的报纸。
8. 答案 A
解析 老师说注意报纸和电视新闻，这样能学到更多的知识。
9. 答案 C
解析 由下文And with that, our strict principal ___10___ her feet on her table可知，政客如何坐着是因杜老师亲眼目睹过的事。
10. 答案 C
解析 由常识可知，因杜老师应该是把脚放在桌子上。
11. 答案 C
解析 看到校长把脚放在桌子上，又由后面的in giggles(咯咯地笑)，可知大家应该是爆发出笑声。
12. 答案 C
解析 由第一段But as a principal, she was strict with us ...提到校长非常的严肃，因此学生们看到校长笑应该是感到吃惊的。
13. 答案 B
解析 由下文She asked us to read Anna Karenina and other European classics. We debated on the federal system可知，校长应该是通过其博学多才以及幽默开放的课堂开阔了我们的思维空间。
14. 答案 C
解析 由所在空Political debates also___14___to personal ones.可知，有时政治的辩论也会导向个人的辩论。
15. 答案 D
解析 A lot of our beliefs became the ___15___ of lively lunchtime debate信仰等问题成了辩论的主题。
16. 答案 A
解析 本文是回忆，故此处应该是介绍校长曾经说过的话。
解析 由空前because some of us were laughing so hard可知，由于其中一些人笑得声音太大，导致笑声加倍了。
18. 答案 D
解析 由第一段的fat以及此处的语境可知，因杜老师应该是问“你们认为我永远不会瘦吗?”
19. 答案 B
解析 此处指校长进教室后就不再摆校长的架子了，把管理者的身份留在了门外。
20. 答案 B
解析 由设空处所在句及前一句Her personality as principal was strict，hard，and preachy. In class，she ___20___ into a storyteller who was funny, wise, inspiring, much like Socrates, the original teacher，who exercised minds and opened up intellects可知，此处指校长的转变。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Interviewer: I wonder ___1___ you could tell me something about your stamp-collecting, Mr. Gibbon.
Gibbon: I’d be pleased ___2___. What kind of things would you like to know? Interviewer: How old were you when you started ___3___ (collect) stamps? Gibbon: I’d just started secondary school, so I might be 12.
Interviewer: And how many years have you been collecting stamps?
Gibbon: Well, I’m 40 now, so I’ll leave you to work that ___4___ !
Interviewer: OK. How did you start collecting? I mean, where did you get your first stamps?
Gibbon: My father used to collect stamps, and I was ___5___ (interest) in his collection. He gave me my first packet of stamps.___6___ were British.
Interviewer: You ___7___ (collect) stamps for all these years. How many would you say you’ve got altogether?
Gibbon: That’s not easy to answer, but___8___I’d say about ten thousand stamps. Interviewer: That’s a lot! How much do you think they’re worth?
Gibbon: I’ll guess...perhaps...about ￡15,000.
Interviewer: Hmm! And which is the oldest stamp in your collection?
Gibbon: That’s easy to answer! I’ve got one of the world’s first stamps — the Penny Black, ___9___ was sold in Britain in 1840.
Interviewer: Do you only collect British stamps or stamps from all over the world? Gibbon: No. I specialize in Great Britain, and also China and Finland. I’ve got quite a good collection of these ___10___ (country).
答案与解析
【解题导语】 这是一篇有关记者采访Gibbon集邮的对话。Gibbon爱好集邮，从Gibbon与记者的交流中我们了解到：在Gibbon的邮集中，有多枚非常珍贵的邮票，甚至还有历史上第一枚邮票??
1. if / whether。考查宾语从句的引导词。此处表示我想知道你是否可以告诉我一些关于你集邮的事情，故应填if / whether“是否”。
2. to。考查动词不定式的省略。此处完整的句子应是I’d be pleased to tell you
something about my stamp-collecting，动词不定式省略到to。
3. collecting / to collect。考查非谓语动词。start后要用动名词或者不定式作宾语。
4. out。考查动词短语。work out表“计算；统计”之意，为固定短语，符合语境。
5. interested。考查形容词。be interested in表示“对??感兴趣”之意，为固定搭配，符合语境。
6. They。考查代词。此处指代my first packet of stamps，因此用they来代替。
7. have been collecting。考查时态。依据后文可知，Gibbon这些年一直都在集邮，因此用现在完成进行时态，表示动作的持续性。
8. roughly/appropriately。考查语境填词。此处表示邮票的大约数目，因此用roughly/appropriately。
9. which。考查定语从句。这里引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代指the Penny Black，且在从句中作主语，因此用which。
10. countries。考查名词单复数。此处country是可数名词，被these修饰，要用复数形式。