写作的深度剖析
写作的深度剖析
一、题型分类
（一）提纲式作文
1. 对立观点型
2. 现象讨论型/问题解决型
（二）图画作文
（三）图表作文
论点：万能论点=>有害 重要
Honesty is the steel that forges the supporting structure of the society and the society can not grow steady,if this invaluable asset is ever neglected in any possible manner.
诚信是钢铁，它铸就了这个社会的支撑架构，如果这个宝贵的品质以任何形式被忽略那么这个社会不会稳定发展。
重要性的表达:
1.A is an indispensable part of B .A是B不可缺少的一部分
Online shopping has been exerting(施加)profound influence on the way we live and even has become an indispensable part of some youngers’ lives.网上购物对我们施加着重要的影响，这种生活方式是很多年轻人不可缺少的一部分。
2.sth plays a pivotal role in...某事在...中起到了关键的作用
It has been universally acknowledged(众所周知) that education plays a pivotal role in individual success.
众所周知教育在个人成功中起着重要的作用。
3.the spirit of down-to-earth 脚踏实地的精神
enable sb to do sth 让某人可以去做
The characteristic of being independent enables children to get
accustomed to fierce competition and to get ahead in the fields of endeavor in this ever changing modern society.
get accustomed to适应/习惯
fierce competition激烈竞争
get ahead 领先
in the fields endeavor在奋斗领域中
in this ever changing modern society在现在多变的社会
独立的性格能使孩子们在现在多变的社会适应激烈的竞争和在奋斗领域中遥遥领先。
4.sth is in the best interests of someone做某事符合...的利益
Banning the disposable plastic bags is in the best interests of the public,when facing deteriorating environment.
当面对这恶化的环境的时候，禁止一次性塑料袋符合公众的利益。
5.A underlies B .A造就了B
The spirit of independence underlies almost all human success.
独立精神造就了几乎全人类的成功。
6.profit from 从...中受益
Fostering a clear perspective of cyber-business, all works of life can profit from the Ecommerce or online shopping doing business in the past decade.
在过去的十年里，各行各业从电子商务和网络购物中受益，它在一定程度上重新塑造了我们从商的方式，这使我们对网络商务有了一个清醒的认识。
7.remains to be an integral part in... ...是...不可分割的部分
The education was,is and remains to be an integral part in achieving one's personal accomplishment.
教育过去是，现在是并且一直都会是使一个人不可分割的部分。
8.get a clear perspective of sth清醒地认识到
①Free Admission to Museums will help many youngers get a clear perspective of many subjects.
FAM将帮助很多年轻人对许多科目有一个清醒地认识。
②Never in any era of our nation's history have the stakes involving _____ been higher than now.
纵观整个历史长河没有比与...利益相关更重要了。
The stakes involving education have been never higher in any era of our nation's history than now. (正常语序)
开头的写法:
As is shown above,(位置+系动词+中心对象)
【eg】in the middle of the picture stand a son and his father, having a conversation.
二、图表作文:chart
bar chart(柱状图)，line chart(折线图)，table chart(表)，pie chart(扇形图) 静态图:无时间对比 As is shown above(比例)
A makes up 34%
51% stands for B
9% refers to C
6% is defined as D (关注单复数)
动态图:有时间对比看变化As is shown above,(变化)
上升:rise，surge，increase，climb to，jump to，skyrocket,
take a steady(sharp/sudden/remarkable) rise from...to...
sustained moderate
下降:drop，fall，decline，decrease，plunge，descend from
Note:如果没有要求描述图表则可以:
As is shown above，the chart demonstrates/reflects +主题
三、提纲式作文开头
1.These days, we often hear about...
2.We are often shown these days that...
3.Recently the topic of how should parents help children to be independent has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.
最近，父母如何帮助孩子独立的话题已经受到公众的广泛关注。
4.超级万能开头
①The idea discussed in directions has been commonly and widely accepted by general public.
这个在各方面讨论的观点被公众普遍广泛接受。
②A new perspective to approach the proposition however,has been posed among us.
5.负面话题
Coincident with the advance of the society are outburst of problem , one of which is...
伴随社会发展出现的问题，其中一个问题是。。。
Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations and great changes have taken place in people’s attitude towards some traditional practice.
现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的时代，对于一些传统实践人们的观点发生巨大变化。
6. Of all the changes witnessed by the past decade in our way of life ,the fairly far-reaching one may be the rapid development of online shopping students selecting their lecturers.
在过去的十年里，我们目睹了生活方式的改变，其中相当深远并且发展快速的也许是学生在线选课。
7.______ has become a hot topic among people , especially among Young and heated debates are right on their way.
______已经成为人们、尤其是年轻人激烈讨论的话题，而年轻人总认为他们是对的。
8.对立观点
There is no consensus(n.一致，同感) of opinions among people as to ... some people tend to have a favorable attitude towards... while , other have an unpleasant association with
在这个问题上，人们有两种不同的观点，一些人对。。。呈现一种支持的观点，而另外一些人呈反对的观点。
中间句式
（一）图画作文
1.Simple as the picture/cartoon is , the symbolic meaning behind it is as deep as ocean.
这幅画看着简单，但它实际意义和海一样深。
2.Funny as the cartoon is , an informative(a.有益的) implication(n.卷入，牵连，暗示) is certainly conveyed by it.
这幅漫画很有趣，它涵盖了有益的暗示。
（二）图表作文（作用）
Isolated as the figures seem to be , as a matter of fact , they are connected to one another closely.
这些图表似乎是互不相干的，实际上它们彼此之间紧密相连。
（四）提纲作文
1） 表观点：
accept the idea that ____.
be of the idea that ____.
Harbor the idea that ____.
take the attitude that ____.
hold the view that ____.
sing high praise that ____.
strongly disapprove of ____.
2）表原因：
1. There are some factors（因素） leading to this problem .
这儿有一些导致出现这个问题的因素。
2. A number of factor could account for this problem , but the
following are the most critical ones.
有许多原因导致这个问题的出现，但是下面这些是最应该被批判的。
3. I can think of no better reason other than the following ones.
除了上面的原因我想不出更好的。
NOTE:中间部分常用观点的不同表达进行堆彻；可以加上不同的消息来源（书，组织，人）。
4. According to one of the latest surveys conducted by the Chinese
Academy of Social Sciences (CASS).
根据CASS所发行的一张调查表。。。
3）有害性的表达：
... is (in large measure) detrimental 有害
1. Lack of honesty in doing business is yet another new and
bitter truth we must to learn face.
商业中缺乏诚信是我们必须面对的新问题。
2. Excessive packaging just mirror this new situation in some
manner.过度包装从基本方面反应了这个状况。
3. This phenomenon is in large measure detrimental，in my opinion.
在我看来，这个现象存在很大有害的问题。
结尾句式
1）建议:(问题，有害)
1. For one thing , it is essential that laws and regulations be
worked out and enforced to ban/reduce...
一方面，依照法律或规则禁止或减少。。。是重要的。
2. For another , the public are expected to enhance(v.提高) their
awareness of the damaging effects of the problem discussed above. 另一方面，公众希望提高对问题的觉察，这个问题之以上讨论的有负面影响的问题。
3. With these measures taken , it is reasonable for us to take the
favorable attitude that this issue will be addressed in the near future.
对于有利的观点采取措施对我们来说是合乎情理的，这个问题在不就的将来会被执行。
2）再次重申重点：（重要）=>也可以举例=>提起准备
应用文写作：
介绍、、演讲稿、、书信
（议论文）